Founded in 1937 by pacifists and feminists Rosika Schwimmer and Lola Maverick Lloyd, with the national campaign headquartered in Chicago and the international campaign in New York City.² The pamphlet "Chaos, War or A New World Order?" (1937)³ outlines the campaign's approach to put the demands into practise: a World Constitutional Convention would be held to lay the groundwork for a Federation of Nations with democratic elections. The pamphlet further includes several policy suggestions, e.g., universal membership, direct representation, separation of powers, abolition of military forces etc.

In the mid-20th century, the rise of nationalism and the growing threat of fascism in Europe ultimately led to World War II in 1939.

As Europe’s situation worsened, the League of Nations Assembly granted additional powers to the Secretary-General on September 30, 1938, and December 14, 1939, allowing the League of Nations to remain legally operational in a reduced capacity. The League's headquarters remained unoccupied for nearly six years until the end of World War II. At the 1943 Tehran Conference, the Allies agreed to establish the United Nations to replace the League.

Robert Lee Humber, Jr., a critic who was not solely based on theoretical or academic evidence and who served as the organizing director of a League of Nations body, witnessed the League's failure firsthand. He believed that what the League lacked was the ability to enact and enforce legislation on its own.⁴ On December 27, 1940, at a gathering at his summer home on Davis Island, North Carolina, he presented a proposal to create permanent world peace through international law and introduced his manifesto, The Declaration of the Federation of the World.⁵ The declaration called upon state legislatures to urge Congress and the President to join or create an international organization empowered to pass legislation and enforce peace throughout the world.

Within the year, the North Carolina General Assembly became the first state legislature to approve the plan. Over the next few years, 16 state legislatures adopted what came to be known as the "Humber Resolutions," and many more seriously considered and debated the proposal without adopting it.

Dr. Max Habicht, a Swiss expert in international law and another former League of Nations who experienced the League's failure firsthand. He served the league as legal expert from 1928 until the onset of World War II in 1939. In early 1940, he founded the 'Mouvement Populaire Suisse en faveur d’une Fédération des Peuples' (MPSFP), also known in English as the 'Swiss Popular Movement in favor of a Federation of Peoples,' in Geneva. Dr. Habicht was a pivotal figure in the world federalist movement, providing crucial legal expertise to world federalist organizations and other entities.

With the ongoing World War II and demise of League of Nations came the rise of World Federalism. Various authors, pacifists, intellectuals, and activists began advocating for and lecturing on, as well as writing books, articles, and editorials about, the need for establishing a democratic, federal world government. Several world federalist organizations were established, including the World Federalists (1941), the Student Federalists (1942), and others. The World Federalists (1941) merged with other groups in 1943 to form Federal World Government, Inc., which later became World Federalists, USA in 1945.

Other limited federalist forms, such as European federalism, also emerged in Europe.

An international conference, known as the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization, was held at the Dumbarton Oaks estate in Washington, D.C., from August 21, 1944, to October 7, 1944. During this conference, proposals for the establishment of a "general international organization," which would become the United Nations, were formulated and negotiated. The conference was led by the "Four Policemen"—the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and China—who acted as guarantors of world peace.

Robert Lee Humber, Jr. attended the conference, and the Campaign for World Government was also one of the few independent observers present.

Believing that world government was an international cause, Edith Wynner (ICWG) sought to engage potential collaborators abroad, particularly in Europe. In 1945, she established a connection with Henry Usborne, a young Labour MP from Birmingham, England. Usborne met with Rosika Schwimmer and Wynner during a trip to New York in April 1945 and expressed admiration for their plan for a Peoples’ World Convention. Usborne subsequently founded the Crusade for World Government in England, aiming to organize a People's World Convention in the fall of 1950.

The movement garnered support from more than eighty members of the British Parliament, as well as many other prominent Britons. And thus founding the Parliamentary Group for World Government (PGWG) in 1945, which led to the establishment of the World Association of Parliamentarians for World Government (WAPWG) in 1947, later renamed as the World Parliament Association (WPA).

The Atomic Age began following the detonation of the first nuclear weapon test in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, during World War II. Although nuclear chain reactions had been hypothesized in 1933, the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, known as Chicago Pile-1, took place in December 1942.

The United States government's Manhattan Project was the research and development program undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons.

On August 6 and 9, 1945, the United States Government detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These bombings have been reported as unnecessary to end World War II in United States Government reports⁶, and it has been stated that they were a political decision.⁷

“Can it be that we do not realize that in an age of atomic energy and rocket planes the foundations of the old sovereignties have been shattered? The need for world government was clear long before August 6, 1945, but Hiroshima and Nagasaki raised that need to such dimensions that it can no longer be ignored.” - Norman Cousins, Modern Man Is Obsolete (editorial, Saturday Review, August 1945)

Between the atomic bombings of the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, invaded Japanese-held Manchuria, and quickly defeated the Kwantung Army, which was Japan's largest military force in the region. Both of these events persuaded previously adamant Imperial Japanese Army leaders to accept the terms of surrender. On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its surrender, with the formal surrender documents signed on September 2, 1945, officially ending World War II.

The United Nations officially came into existence on October 24, 1945, following the ratification of the Charter by the five permanent members of the Security Council: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and China. These great powers, victors of World War II, were granted veto power.

After nuclear physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer, former director of the Manhattan Project, failed to convince President Truman of the need to control atomic weapons to prevent an arms race, scientists decided to take a dramatic step: a direct appeal to the public. In 1946, just months after the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the scientists who had developed nuclear technology united to express their concerns about the nuclear age. They released a book titled One World or None: A Report to the Public on the Full Meaning of the Atomic Bomb. This anthology of essays included contributions from prominent figures such as Niels Bohr, Albert Einstein, and Robert Oppenheimer.

Scientists rationally concluded that an international authority with genuine power, such as a world government situated above national sovereignty, must be established.

The efforts of scientists during this period were very extensive. For more details, refer to the suggested historical articles: Link 1, Link 2, Link 3, Link 4

In May, 1946 Albert Einstein together with Leo Szilard, Linus Pauling, R.F. Bacher, Hans A. Bethe, Edward U. Condon, Thorfin R. Hogness, Harold C. Urey, and V.F. Weisskopf form the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists. These scientists were later joined by Selig Hecht, Harrison Brown, and H.J. Mueller. Aim of the committee was atomic education, peaceful use of nuclear energy and international control of nuclear bombs. While committee initially saw success in fundraising and educational efforts, Einstein and his colleagues grew increasingly convinced that the world was veering off course. They arrived at the conclusion that the gravity of the situation demanded more profound actions and the establishment of a "world government" was the only logical solution.

In his "Open Letter to the General Assembly of the United Nations" of October 1947, Einstein emphasized the urgent need for international cooperation and the establishment of a world government.

To strengthen the world federalist movement, more than two hundred representatives from various world federalist organizations, including Edith Wynner and Georgia Lloyd (both from the Campaign for World Government), Mildred Blake, Florence Harriman, and Robert Lee Humber, Jr., gathered at the George Vanderbilt Hotel in Asheville, North Carolina, in February 1947. The meeting was divided by debate over the platform of the new organization, particularly regarding whether it should advocate for UN reform or a peoples' convention approach. The merging groups were predominantly those favoring UN reform over a peoples' convention. Lloyd described the conference as nothing less than a hostile takeover of the world government movement by proponents of UN reform.

On February 23, 1947, five world federalist organizations—Americans United for World Government (AUWG), World Federalists, USA (World Federalists of America), Student Federalists, Georgia World Citizens Committee (GWCC), and the Massachusetts Committee for World Federation (MCWF)—merged to form the United World Federalists, Inc. (UWF).

Cord Meyer IV was the first president of the organization, with Grenville Clark, Thomas K. Finletter, Wallace Trevor Holliday serving as vice-presidents with Albert Einstein as a member of the Advisory Board. Einstein and Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists assisted UWF in fundraising and provided supporting material.

The World Movement for World Federal Government organized an international conference in Montreux, Switzerland, from August 17-24, 1947. Although Albert Einstein, who had been supportive of Usborne's plan, was unable to attend due to health reasons, he sent a message dated July 31, 1947, emphasizing that the task before the conference was to make clear and concrete decisions regarding the character, constitution, and functions of the projected world government. The Montreux Conference endorsed the Usborne's plan for a "Peoples' World Constituent Assembly" in 1950. Einstein, along with twelve other prominent figures, signed the appeal for the assembly to be held in 1950.

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), informally known as "the Agency" and recognized as one of the most controversial intelligence services globally, a foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States was established with it's headquarters in Langley, Virginia, USA.

This Agency has conducted operations such as Operation MH-CHAOS, during which "CIA officers grew long hair, learned the jargon of the New Left, and went off to infiltrate peace groups in the United States and Europe."
Additionally, it has established the Special Operations Group (SOG), which is endowed with unlimited power at its disposal and does not shy away from employing any means necessary, regardless of legality or ethical considerations.

The Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists expressed interest in Usborne's plan. In a letter dated January 9, 1948, Einstein shared his personal views with Usborne. The letter is a crucial document as it provides a particularly clear statement of Einstein's position.

Einstein also agreed with Cord Meyer’s remarks in the article “Peace Is Still Possible,” published in The Atlantic Monthly in October 1947, regarding the Baruch proposals. Meyer argued that "It is not feasible to abolish one single weapon as long as war itself is not abolished. This can be done only by establishing effective world government."

On April 11, 1948, the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists issued a third major policy statement endorsing the concept of world government.

Henry Usborne's speaking tour for a Peoples' World Convention failed to gain traction in the United States. More immediately successful was the campaign waged in Tennessee by another liberal, the lawyer Fyke Farmer, who had been instrumental in bringing Usborne to the United States in 1947. As a result of Farmer's efforts, on April 7, 1949, the Tennessee state legislature enacted a law authorizing the election of three delegates to the Peoples' World Convention.

An election was actually held in August 1950, with Farmer among the successful candidates. (The statute was subsequently repealed.)

The Peoples' World Convention was eventually assembled by Henry Usborne in the Palais Electoral in Geneva on December 31, 1950, with Lord Boyd Orr as honorary president. There were about 500 observers and three officially elected delegates: two from Tennessee and one from Nigeria.

The Preparatory Congress for the Peoples' World Constituent Assembly, informally known as the Ghent Conference, was held in Ghent, Belgium, from March 10 to March 12, 1950. The conference was attended by 100 representatives from 20 countries. An Executive Committee was established, comprising Edgar Gevaert, Fyke Farmer, and Professor Meyhoffer. Committee established the Secretariat at Palais Wilson. An International Liaison Council was formed with 220 members from 47 countries.

Executive Committee issued the Call to the Peoples' World Constituent Assembly and the Peoples' World Convention (Consultative Assembly for the Peoples' World Constituent Assembly).

For more detailed information, visit: Ghent Conference

The Peoples' World Constituent Assembly, attended by 500 delegates from 45 countries, convened at the Palais Electoral in Geneva, Switzerland, from December 30, 1950, to January 5, 1951. Two proposals for the World Constitution were presented to the Assembly: one draft prepared by the Committee to Frame a World Constitution at the University of Chicago, and a second draft prepared by Mr. Sanjib Chaudhuri of Calcutta, India. Neither proposal was adopted. The Assembly resolved to a common appeal to all the governments of the world to elect delegates to the Peoples' World Constituent Assembly and recommend organizing a global signature campaign advocating for the Peoples' World Constituent Assembly. A continuation committee was established to work upon resolutions of the Assembly.

The North American Council for a Peoples' World Constitutional Convention was established with Eldon Dennis as Chairman, William Wells Denton as Provisional Treasurer, and Philip Isely as Secretary. The Council also formed a Committee on Elections, with Thane Read serving as Chairman and Philip Isely as Executive Secretary of that Committee.

For more detailed information, visit: Peoples' World Constituent Assembly (1950-51)

During the convention held in Colorado Springs, the North American Council for a Peoples' World Constitutional Convention adopted the "Manifesto for a People's World Convention", which was prepared by Philip Isely. It immediately drew a group of world-wide contacts.

After the North American Council adopted the 'Manifesto for a People's World Convention', Philip Isely, who had been active in Chicago since the 1940s, along with his wife Margaret Isely, issued a call for Preparatory Assembly in Chicago to launch a campaign in the United States for the Popular Election of Delegates to a World Constitutional Convention and to convene a People's World Constitutional Convention. Lowell H. Coate, Caresse Crosby, P. Eldon Dennis, Kermit Eby, Frances Fenner, Harrop A. Freeman, Homer A. Jack, Herbert Jehle, Tracy D. Mygatt (CWG), Robert Pickus, Thane Read (UWF), Ralph T. Templin and many other signed the call. Subsequently, Philip and Margaret Isely organized the People's World Constitutional Convention Preparatory Assembly at the Shoreland Hotel in Chicago, USA, from November 9 to November 11, 1957.

The Organizing Committee of the People's World Constitutional Convention Preparatory Assembly, consisting of Philip and Margaret Isely which evolved into the Denver Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention, issued the Declaration of Peace on June 10, 1958. Along with this declaration, they launched a signature campaign and a plan to elect delegates from the United States to the People's World Constitutional Convention.

Tracy Mygatt of the Campaign for World Government (CWG) and Thane Read of the United World Federalists, Inc. (UWF) were also members of the Denver Committee. It was Philip Isely’s great and unique contribution that with Thane Read, Margaret Isely and Marie Philips Scot, he formulated a plan that would seek to admit delegates from both national governments and delegates from peoples of all countries. The form of agreement was drafted by Thane Read and revised by Philip Isely. Together they travelled in Europe and other parts of the world seeking support.

The Denver Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention further evolved into the U.S. Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention. In March 1959, the U.S. Committee issued a call to convene a World Constitutional Convention aiming to draft the constitution for a federal world government. This call proposed three methods to initiate the convention: requesting each national government to send delegates, inviting the people of each country to elect delegates by any available means, and providing a way to gather the "best minds" from around the world to assist in the convention. A worldwide signature campaign was also initiated.

Additionally, a World Constitution Coordinating Committee, led by Thane Read, also circulated the call.

By 1960 delegates from 50 countries agreed to attend. Endorsements for the Agreement were received from several heads of state and Governments.

By the fall 1960, the U.S. Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention further evolved into the World Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention.

In 1961 the headquarters of the World Committee was established in Denver, Colorado. The first Call was issued in 1962. Over one thousand invitations were sent out along with it. A second Call went out with many signers from around the world.

The list of signers is large and replete with world figures. It is significant that heads of Five National Governments were signatories to this call: Field Marshal Mohamed Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan; Dr. Francisco J. Orlich, President of Costa Rica, The Right Honourable Sir Milton Margoi, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone; The Hon. Leopold Senghor, President of Senegal; and The Hon. Julius Nyere, Prime Minister of Tanzania.

By the spring and summer of 1963, written endorsments of several thousand persons from more then 60 countries were obtained. The World Constitution Coordinating Committee merged with World Committee and was incorporated as World Committee for a People's World Constitutional Convention, Inc. This World Committee issued a call for a Preparatory congress.

The First Preparatory Congress took place at the Denver Hilton Hotel in Denver, Colorado, US, from September 3 to 8, 1963. It was attended by 126 participants from 15 countries, including a delegation from the World Parliament Association (WPA), comprising Josué de Castro, Mary Tibaldi Chiesa and Janet Hartog from Europe. The meeting was chaired by Josué de Castro, the Ambassador of Brazil in Geneva, Switzerland at the time, he was elected as President of World Committee for a World Constitutional Convention (WCWCC) along with Philip Isely as Secretary General.

During this congress, a call was issued to define the basic terms for the upcoming Convention and to invite people and governments from all nations to send delegates. This initial gathering laid the groundwork for the formal proceedings of the Convention and generated widespread interest in the prospect of creating a democratic federal World Government.

In 1965, the second Preparatory Congress or Milan Congress was convened with the co-operation of Mary Tibaldi Chiesa in Milan, Italy. During this congress, specific terms and guidelines were established to commence the World Constitutional Convention and Peoples World Parliament. The delegates present at Milan debated whether delegates from national governments alone or delegates representing the peoples of the world should have the upper hand at the World Constituent Convention or Assembly. A decision to hold Peoples World Parliaments concurrently with preparatory congresses of delegates from national governments was made.

Decision was taken to change the name of World Committee for a World Constitutional Convention (WCWCC) to World Constitution and Parliament Association (WCPA).

In 1967, the third Preparatory Congress or Geneva Congress was held in Geneva, Switzerland. This congress played a crucial role in setting the stage for the World Constitutional Convention to be held in the subsequent year. Delegates at the Geneva congress finalized the terms and conditions for commencing the Convention and Parliament at Interlaken and Wolfach in 1968.

At the congress, name change of WCWCC to WCPA was also reaffirmed.

In 1968, 200 delegates representing 27 countries from five continents met for the World Constitutional Convention and Peoples World Parliament at the Theatre Hall of the Congress Kursaal in Interlaken, Switzerland, on August, 27, 1968 to draft a constitution for a federal world government. The event commenced on August 27, and on September 2, 1968, sessions moved to Wolfach, Germany, where it concluded on September 12, 1968.

For more detailed information, visit: First World Constituent Assembly (1968) or read book: A History of Emerging World Law by Terence P. Amerasinghe

The deepening world crises (political, economic and social) of the 1970’s called for urgent action. The World Constitution and Parliament Association worked in organising an Emergency Council of World Trustees during 1969 and 1971. A 10-page “Proposal for Immediate Action by an Emergency Council of World Trustees” was drawn up by Philip Isely as secretary of E.C.W.T. in consultation with Thane Read and Lloyd Oxley. The plan was adopted in 1971. The Emergency Council met at Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A. from December 28th, 1971 to January 2nd, 1972.

At Santa Barbara there were many dedicated delegates from over 25 countries. The delegates from India included such distinguished figures like R. K. Nehr, who had served in the Foreign Office of the Government of India, Goday Murahari, later Speaker of the Raja Sabha, D. H. Spencer, a leading constitutional Lawyer, Dr. T. P. Amerasinghe, Barrister-at-law from Sri Lanka, Reinhart Ruge, Mexico, Dr. Lucile Green, Calif., U.S.A. Mrs. Helen Tucker, Canada, Thane Read, Arizona, U.S.A., Archie Casely-Hayford, Ghana, Hon. Syed Mohamed Husain, Bangladesh, Dr. Charles Mercieca, Malta and U.S.A. , Jorgen Laursen Vig, Denmark. 225 Representatives from 53 countries signed “The First Decree for the Protection of Life”.

In January and February, 1972, D. M. Spencer, Constitutional Lawyer and Professor from Sydenham College, Bombay, Hon. Syed Mohammed Husain, Advocate, later Judge of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh, Dr. T. P. Amerasinghe, Barrister-atlaw and Advocate, Supreme Court of Sri Lanka with Philip Isely, Secretary General, WCPA all from the Drafting Commission, met in Lakewood, Colorado. U.S.A. for intensive work. The World Constitutional Convention and Peoples World Parliament in Interlaken and Wolfach in 1968 had commenced this work. Philip Isely had then drawn up a 19 page “Outline for the Debate and Drafting of a World Constitution” which the World Constitutional Convention had endorsed unanimously. He had also already prepared the first Chapter. The Commission of Lawyers aforementioned reviewed this and continued with the rest of the work.

In November 1974, the initial draft titled "A Constitution for the Federation of Earth" was ultimately finished, published and circulated globally by WCPA for assessment, along with the Call to the second session in 1977.

During 1974 and 1975, the WCPA received feedback and comments on the first draft. In 1976, the drafting commission reconvened and finalized a second draft, which was then circulated world-wide for by the WCPA.

The second session of the World Constituent Assembly along with Peoples' World Parliament took place in Innsbruck, Austria, from June 16 to June 29, 1977, at Kongresshaus. 138 delegates from 25 countries in six continents participated. The constitution was examined clause by clause and amendments were made. After sometimes acrimonius, sometimes prolonged debate, the Assembly unanimously adopted the draft constitution on 27 June 1977. Dr. A. B. Patel described the occasion "as the day of a new age" and called for all those present to come up to the stage and affix their signatures to the Constitution.

Due to self-executing provisions of the Constitution for the Federation of Earth, upon its adoption by the Second World Constituent Assembly, a Provisional World Government, was officially established.

Second World Constituent Assembly (WCA) designated the World Constitution and Parliament Association (WCPA) as the continuing agency to organize and develop all aspects of its plan to obtain the ratification and implementation of the constitution, in accordance with the provisions of Section 19.1 of Article 19 of the constitution thus making WCPA the Organizing Agent for the Provisional World Government.

The Third Session of the World Constituent Assembly was held at Ranmuthu Hotel in Colombo, Sri Lanka from December 29, 1978 to January 6, 1979. Delegates from many countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America participated. The Speaker of the Sri Lanka Parliament, the Hon. Mohammed Bakeer Markar, presided. The then President J. R. Jayawardene sent his representative, the Hon. Gamini Dissanayake, a Cabinet Minister. Philip Isely presented “the Rationale for a World Constitutent Assembly,” defining the right of the people to convene the Assembly, present the draft constitution and obtain ratification. The Rationale was in direct confrontation with the approach in most current proposals for dealing with World problems: Create special international agencies to deal with each particular problem.

The session of the Third Constituent Assembly ended with a call to national parliaments to ratify the Constitution for the Federation of Earth (CFoE).

To advance the objectives outlined by the Third World Constituent Assembly, WCPA India Chapter organized the Fourth Annual Convention of the World Constitution and Parliament Association in New Delhi, India, from February 21 to 24, 1981. The meeting was attended by several Members of the Indian Parliament and others, including Shri Puran Singh Azad, Smt. Savitri Nigam, Smt. Margaret Alva, and Smt. Najma Heptulla. During the New Delhi Meeting interviews with Shrimati Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India, and Shri Mohammad Hidayatullah, Vice President of India took place. Margaret and Philip Isely, Reinhart Ruge and Dr. T. P. Amerasinghe participated. Members of the Parliament of India from both houses agreed to introduce resolutions to a directive principle under Article 51 of the Constitution of India that would enable the government and people of India to work for a world federation.

At the New Delhi Meeting many new Branches of WCPA in Asia and Africa were recognised. With a branch in Bangkok, Thailand, its leader Dr. Suchart Kosokitiworg was elected as World Peace Envoy of WCPA.

The New Delhi Meeting terminated with a call for a Provisional World Parliament to convene in 1982, under terms of Article 19 of the Constitution for the Federation of Earth (CFoE).

“It is time nations learnt to cede a part of their sovereignty to a world organisation to build a safer world”. - Smt. Indira Gandhi, WCPA Convention, New Delhi, Feb. 1981.

For more detailed information, visit: 4th Annual Convention of the WCPA

From Sept 4 to 17, 1982, the First Provisional World Parliament met at Royal Pavilion in Brighton, England. Delegates from over 25 countries representing all 6 continents attended. Former President of the U.N. General Assembly, Judge and Vice-president of the International Court of Justice and Foreign Minister of Pakistan, Mohammad Zafrullah Khan, inaugurated the session. World Legislative Act 1 to 5 were deliberated and adopted.

For more detailed information, visit: First Provisional World Parliament

From March 15 to 25, 1985, the Second Provisional World Parliament was held in New Delhi at the prestigious Vigyan Bhawan. The All India WCPA, led by Shri Puran Singh Azad, Savitri and Brij Nigam, Goday Murahari, and Ratna Singh Rajda, among other dedicated workers, contributed to its organization. Delegates and Parliamentarians from around the world assembled for the parliament. The then Chairman of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and President of India, Zail Singh, inaugurated the session. World Legislative Acts 6 to 8 were deliberated and adopted.

Hon. Y. V. Chandrachud, the longest-serving Chief Justice of India, agreed to serve as an Honorary Sponsor of the Provisional World Parliament.

The session concluded with a grand reception at Lodhi Gardens, New Delhi, where the Chief Guest was the Honourable Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India. Dr. Reinhart Ruge, WCPA Co-President, presented the Constitution for the Federation of Earth to the Hon. Rajiv Gandhi, who posed several constructive questions. Unfortunately, his untimely death impeded India’s ratification of the Constitution, which had seemed imminent.

"I approve the aims and purposes of the Provisional World Parliament and agree to serve as an Honorary Sponsor. The Provisional World Parliament must become a focal point for the radiation of peace, goodwill and humanity all over the world. The peoples of the world must marshal their strength and courage to halt the nuclear race. The alternative is the destruction of humanity." - Hon. Y. V. Chandrachud, Chief Justice of India, WCPA meeting, March 1985

For more detailed information, visit: Second Provisional World Parliament

Third Provisional World Parliamentmet met from 18 to 28 June 1987, Miami Beach Florida, U.S.A. at Fontainbleau Hilton Hotel. A limited number of new world legislative bills were presented and a Provisional World Cabinet established. A Global Ministry of Environment was created on 25th June 1987.

100 delegates, primarily from India, Sri Lanka, and various African nations, were denied visas by the United States Department of State under section 214(b) of the federal immigration code.

For more detailed information, visit: Third Provisional World Parliament

With the attendance of the 20 ambassadors and deputies representing 63 countries at the luncheon held in St. Moritz Hotel, New York on November 19, 1988. This was the first time in the history of the movement for World Government that a group of official representatives of national governments have assembled specifically to hear the presentation of plans for a World Constituent Assembly for World Government, and to receive the Constitution for the Federation of Earth. Presentations were given by Philip lsely, Terence P. Amerasinghe, Dr. Rashmi Mayur, Reinhart Ruge, and strong message from Dr. Linus Pauling, during the luncheon.

Dr. Nagendra Singh, Judge & President at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), Taslim Olawale Elias, Judge & Vice President at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), Ramsey Clark, Former Attorney General of the United States and Linus Pauling Scientist, Peace Activist, Nobel laureate & Member of the ECAS were hosts.

This special Global Affairs luncheon was part of the First Preparatory Meeting for the Fourth World Constituent Assembly, held in New York from November 19 to November 20, 1988.

For more detailed information, visit: St. Moritz meeting

Encouraged by first, the WCPA held a second Luncheon Meeting at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York. Only a very few Ambassadors graced the occasion.

"The powers that pull the strings in the U.N.O. had been at work. Long years ago, 1963 to be exact, Dr. Josué de Castro, Brazil’s Ambassador to the Disarmament Commission of the U.N. confided to us, that super powers used a technique whenever a national government made a move against a super power interest. They would indicate to that government that they would consider it an “unfriendly act.” The “unfriendly act” business was worked with a vengeance ever since the Second Luncheon meeting held by the WCPA in 1989. It has spiralled and bedeviled our activities as we moved from strength to strength." - Dr. Terence P. Amerasinghe, A History of Emerging World Law

For more detailed information, visit: Roosevelt meeting

The political, social, economic and technological changes since 1977 necessitated some amendments to the Constitution for the Federation of Earth. Over 150 organisations joined in preparatory committee. After the two meetings of New York, Fourth World Constitutent Assembly was organized in Troia, Portugal, from 29 April to 8 May 1991. 59 amendments to the Constitution for the Federation of Earth were adopted from more than 150 proposed.

For more detailed information, visit: Fourth World Constituent Assembly

Preparatory Committee for the 1991 World Constituent Assembly was converted into Global Ratification and Elections Network (GREN). The purposes of GREN, with the WCPA serving as organizing agent is to carry forward a global campaign for the ratification. GREN is composed of organisations, whereas WCPA is composed of individuals as members. The objective of GREN is to obtain the aid, strength and participation of many millions of people in thousands of organisations in most countries of the world to achieve the common purposes and objectives defined in Article 1 of the Constitution as compared with the relatively small membership of WCPA itself.

For more detailed information, visit: Global Ratification and Elections Network

List of personal ratifiers grow large, several Head of States, Chief Justices, Politicians and notable figures personally ratified the constitution. To name a few, Alexander Dubček, President Chair of Czechoslovakia General Assembly personally ratified the Constitution and helped in its translation into the Czech [Slovak] language. So also Sam Nujoma, then President of Namibia, personally ratified.

For more detailed information, visit: Global Ratification and Elections Network

2,000 delegates registered to attend the Fourth Provisional World Parliament. However, countries through which delegates had to transit–Italy, France, and Spain–denied transit visas. Some held up the passports and visa applications for several days, as did the French Embassy in Colombo until the initial date of the Parliament was passed. Members of Parliament from Togo, West Africa, from Uzbekistan, Ukraine and Russia were also accredited delegates. Parliament meet at Barcelona International Airport, Barcelona.

Parliament approved the Manifesto of Proclamation and Reaffirmation for the Establishment of the World Government with Jurisdiction and Territorial Authority.

For more detailed information, visit: Fourth Provisional World Parliament

The last vestiges of U.N. independence vanished with the adoption of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s new strategic concept during its Washington summit in April 1999. From being limited to defence against attacks which might be made in Europe or North America, NATO is now authorized, not merely to defend, but to intervene and take the offensive anywhere in the world where “peace, security and stability” of NATO members may be considered threatened. Action can be taken by economic, political and military means, by economic blockades, by a change of governments, by any military actions deemed helpful to carry out “the full range of alliance missions.” Under the guise of “crisis management operations” or “crisis response operations,” NATO can achieve its end without declaration of war.

NATO, an intergovernmental military alliance, came into existence in 1949. Article 51 of the UN Charter, which permits "individual or collective self-defense," played a key role in this development, wording introduced by Nelson Rockefeller at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference.

In May 1999, there were 1,396 branches in 121 countries, with reputedly many million members. GREN Youth Organisations stood at 486. By the end of July, GREN Organisations soared to 1,578 in 124 countries.

Fifth Provisional World Parliament meet at Oracle Conference Centre located inside the Dolmen Resort Hotel in Qawra, Malta. Of the more than 1,400 registered delegates, only 49 straggled in from 23 countries over period of 5 days. Some of those attending were identified as probably CIA agents or informers. It is here that Philip Isely meets his second wife, Eli Kungulovska of Macedonia, whom he later married the following year.

Parliament adopted the 1996 Manifesto as an Inaugural Act of Proclamation and Reaffirmation for the Establishment of the World Government with Jurisdiction and Territorial Authority.

Number of GREN organisations rose to 2000.

"Our programe of action, if successful, will replace the United Nations and NATO and subordinate the government of the U.S.A. which now virtually rules the world, to the rule of law under the Constitution for the Federation of Earth. Thus any country hosting the provisional World Parliament is committing “an unfriendly act”, against the ruling power and subject to reprisal – especially economic reprisals of which many are possible." - Dr. Terence P. Amerasinghe

For more detailed information, visit: Fifth Provisional World Parliament

To endorse the Constitution for the Federation of Earth and the recommending A World Parliament under that Constitution to replace the U.N., Terence P. Amerasinghe gave the idea of International Conference of Chief Justices of the World—informally known as the World Judiciary Summit—to Jagdish Gandhi. Gandhi quickly grasped it and has since been organizing the conference. Subsequently, in 2003, Jagdish Gandhi become Vice President of the WCPA and the World Union, a long-standing cooperating organization of the WCPA.

From November 2000, when the Provisional World Parliament met in Malta, the number of GREN organisations rose from 2000 to 2222.

For more detailed information on World Judiciary Summit, visit: ICCJW, City Montessori School, India

Sixth Provisional World Parliament was held at Bangkok Centre Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand from March 24, 2003 to March 27, 2003. Dr. Phichai Tovivich, President of the Office of the World Peace Envoy, was Chair of the Local Organizing Committee for the Parliament. Mr. Dhanabhumi Pabhassarakul helped greatly to coordinate the arrangements.

Colonel Dr. Somkid Risangkom, Member of Thai Parliament and Representative of the President of the Senate, participated and gave the opening keynote address. Associate Professor Yandej Thongsima, Member of Thai Parliament and Chief Advisor to the Prime Minister of Thailand, participated and gave the closing keynote address.
Up until this time, the Provisional World Parliament had convened, deliberated and adopted world legislation according to the old school style of convention law format. Now, Parliament established a precedent by which further integrating world legislation could be developed, adopted and implemented in world parliamentary law format.

World Legislative Act 13 to 18 were deliberated and adopted.

Philip Isely, now 86 years of age, unable to keep the pace of the others, was replaced by Glen Martin as Secretary-General of the WCPA in WCPA Executive Cabinet meeting at the Bangkok Parliament.

"Advice to be “peaceful” is of little value when there is no over-arching protection of enforceable world law." - Dr. Eugenia Almand

For more detailed information, visit: Sixth Provisional World Parliament

Seventh Provisional World Parliament meet at Palmgrove Hotel, Chennai, India. Former Supreme Court Judge, Justice P.B. Sawant inaugurated the parliament.

World Legislative Act 19 to 24 were deliberated and adopted.

For more detailed information, visit: Seventh Provisional World Parliament

Eighth Provisional World Parliament meet at City Montessori School, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Dr. L. M. Singhvi, Chief Advocate of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and former member of the Parliament of India inaugurated the session with 400 lawyers and judges in attendance. That at least half of these were women lawyers and women judges.
Hon. Mulayam Singh Yadav, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh was the Chief Guest at the closing ceremonies on the final day, 14th August 2004.

World Legislative Act 25 to 30 were deliberated and adopted.

For more detailed information, visit: Eighth Provisional World Parliament

Ninth Provisional World Parliament convened at the Al Kabir Grand Hotel, Tripoli, Libya, from 11th April to 15th April 2006. Mr Suleiman Shahumi, Secretary, Committee for Foreign Liaison, of the Peoples’ National Congress of Libya inaugurated the session of the Parliament. The Parliament had 58 delegates from 29 different countries.

World Legislative Act 31 to 38 were deliberated and adopted.

Government of Libya gave a special invite to all delegate Members of the Provisional World Parliament to come to the national palace to attend the 20th anniversary commemorative service of the United States bombing attack on Libya.

For more detailed information, visit: Ninth Provisional World Parliament

In April of 2007, during the planning for the 10th Provisional World Parliament, the Executive Cabinet was unsettled by news from Dr. Terence Amerasinghe that he was suffering from some ailment that caused severe loss of appetite. The last week of May, he informed WCPA that surgery might be required. Dr. Amerasinghe died in surgery on 1st June 2007.

"Another age is rising" but they respect me since I am young at heart. - Terence P. Amerasinghe, 2004

In keeping with the final wishes of our President Speaker Dr. Amerasinghe, the 10th Provisional World Parliament convened at the Palais du Congrès (Congressional Palace), Kara, Togo, West Africa, from 21 to 24 June 2007.

World Legislative Act 39 to 42 were deliberated and adopted.

For more detailed information, visit: Tenth Provisional World Parliament

Following the passing of Terence P. Amerasinghe in June 2007, the World Government and the WCPA have remained legally operational in a reduced capacity for more than one and a half decades.
From June 2, 2007, to December 12, 2011, the position of President was unoccupied, with Glen Martin serving as Secretary-General and Dr. Eugenia Almand as Deputy Secretary-General.
From 2007 to 2013, no annual reports were filed for the World Constitution and Parliament Association (WCPA) or the Graduate School of World Problems (GSWP) with the juridications in which they were registered and incorporated. Only annual reports were submitted for the primary campus of the Graduate School, named the Institute on World Problems (IWP), which later became rogue and attempted to absorb & dissolve the WCPA.

On December 13, 2011, at a WCPA meeting in Lucknow, Glen Martin assumed the role of President, while Dr. Eugenia Almand continued as Secretary-General of the WCPA until December 28, 2023.

Although constitutional mandates were not fulfilled, five more Provisional World Parliament terms have taken place in India, resulting in the adoption of 30 further World Legislative Acts (WLA Nos. 43 to 72).

• 11th PWP (2009) WLAs: 43-47
• 12th PWP (2010) WLAs: 48-52
• 13th PWP (2013) WLAs: 53-63
• 14th PWP (2015) WLAs: 64-67
• 15th PWP (2021) WLAs: 68-72

Philip Isely, former leader of the WCPA, passed away on June 26, 2012, at the age of 96. The Graduate School of World Problems (GSWP) was bequeathed approximately $10 million in the will of Philip Isely. However, following the passing of Terence P. Amerasinghe, the lack of leadership and the failure of the WCPA to file annual reports for GSWP resulted in the non-allocation of these funds.

For more detailed information, visit: Fall of WCPA & Fraud Alert

An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups has been taking place in the Gaza Strip and Israel since 7 October 2023. The fifth war of the Gaza–Israel conflict since 2008, it has been the deadliest for Palestinians in the entire Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and the most significant military engagement in the region since the Yom Kippur War in 1973.

Glen Martin, now 80 years of age and unable to fulfill his duties, dismissed himself following his disruptive actions in December 2023. Dr. Eugenia Almand has been serving as Interim President of WCPA since December 29, 2023.

On January 22, 2024, at the age of 87, Jagdish Gandhi, the long-serving Vice President of the WCPA, passed away.

Dr. Sam Pitroda joined as a trustee and the new president of the WCPA. He has served as an advisor to two Prime Ministers of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh and Rajiv Gandhi, during their tenures, and also to the United Nations.